https://doi.org/10.3365/KJMM.2026.64.2.119
(Jin-Wook Kim) ; (A-Young Sung)
To compare how TiO2 synthesis route and loading influence optical, hydration, surface, mechanical, stability of leachables, and antibacterial properties of HEMA-based hydrogel contact lenses and to identify an optimal composition range. TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by hydrolysis precipitation or a sol-gel route and incorporated into identical hydrogels at 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.10 wt%.