Abstract
Rails are subjected to repeated stresses due to wheel-rail contact during train service. Rails under stress conditions undergo microstructural changes, and these cause degradations of the structural integrity and lifetime of rails. In this study, three different rails (newly-manufactured rail, newly-manufactured head-hardened rail, and worn (used) rail) were compared to..... More

Abstract
4YSZ is generally used in fuel cells, oxygen sensors, hip and knee joint replacements and thermal barriers because of it excellent properties, including low density, high biocompatibility, good resistance against corrosion, hard phase and high melting point, and high ionic conductivity. However, 4YSZ with large grain has low resistance to..... More

Abstract
Fe-36%Ni steels have a much lower thermal expansion coefficient than stainless steels and aluminum alloys for low temperature. They also have moderately high strength and good toughness at cryogenic temperatures because of its stable austenite phase. These excellent low temperature characteristics make this alloy attractive for cryogenic applications such as..... More

Abstract
Hot stamping is the most efficient manufacturing process to produce high strength automotive parts with reduced springback. Recently, 30MnB5 steel has been developed for hot stamping steel which can provide above 1700 MPa. However, resistance spot weldability of this steel is insufficient due to the need for a large amount..... More

Abstract
Fe(III) can be easily extracted from weak acidic solutions by organophosphorus extractants, but stripping a large amount of Fe(III) from the loaded extractants is very difficult. The extraction and stripping of Fe(III) from 2 pH chloride and sulfate solutions was performed with ionic liquids(ILs) and organophosphorus acidic extractants, and the..... More

Abstract
With the expanding development of flexible optoelectronic devices, the need for high-performance (i.e., high conductivity, high transmittance and flexibility) transparent conductive electrodes has grown. In this study, the critical role of thickness for each of the layers in ZnO/Cu/ZnO transparent conductive electrodes (TCE) for optoelectronic devices has been investigated. The..... More

Abstract
Partially double-filled skutterudites were prepared via encapsulated melting and hot pressing processes. The skutterudite phase was successfully synthesized through partial double filling of La/Yb and substitution of Co. A small quantity of secondary phase (marcasite FeSb₂) was formed, but its formation was suppressed by increasing Co charge compensation. The marcasite..... More

Abstract
CBAPC (chemically bonded aluminum phosphate ceramic) binders have various advantages, including superior corrosion resistance and strength at high temperature. They are also a non-toxic and eco-friendly material. We investigated an inorganic binder based on CBAPC using artificial sand for casting. The CBAPC binders were synthesized with various P/Al molar ratios..... More

Abstract
The use of locally developed high performance alloys in power plants has become essential in the past ten years. Application of these alloys has been difficult because of a shortage of field demonstration testing, and the lack of lab-based test data. In this work, three types of locally developed heat..... More